1. Commerce

1.1. Meaning and scope of commerce

1.2. Characteristics of commerce

1.3. Functions of commerce

2. Occupation

2.1. Meaning and importance of occupation

2.2. Types of occupation

2.2.1. Industrial

2.2.2. Commercial

2.2.3. Services

2.3. Factors that determine choice of occupation

3. Production

3.1. Factors, characteristics, and rewards of production

3.1.1. Land

3.1.2. Labour

3.1.3. Capital

3.1.4. Entrepreneur

3.2. Division of Labour and specialization

3.3. Types of production

3.3.1. Primary production

3.3.2. Secondary production

3.3.3. Tertiary production

4. Trade

4.1. Home Trade

4.1.1. Retail trade

4.1.1.1. Types of retailers

4.1.1.2. Functions of retailers

4.1.1.3. Factors to be considered in setting up retail trade

4.1.1.4. Trends in retailing (branding, self service, vending machines, the use of luncheon, fuel vouchers, etc)

4.1.1.5. Advantages and disadvantages of retailers

4.1.2. Wholesale trade

4.1.2.1. Types of wholesalers

4.1.2.2. Functions of wholesalers

4.1.2.3. Advantages and disadvantages of wholesalers

4.2. Foreign trade

4.2.1. Basic issues in foreign trade - balance of trade

4.2.2. Basic issues in foreign trade - balance of payments

4.2.3. Basic issues in foreign trade - counter trade

4.2.4. Procedures and documents used in export, import, and entreport trade

4.2.5. Barriers to international trade

4.2.6. Role of Customs and Excise Authority, Ports Authority in foreign trade

5. Purchase and Sale of Goods

5.1. Procedure and documentation

5.1.1. Enquiry

5.1.2. Quotation

5.1.3. Order

5.1.4. Invoice

5.1.5. Proforma invoice

5.1.6. Statement of accounts

5.1.7. Indent

5.1.8. Consular invoice

5.1.9. Bill of lading

5.1.10. Certificate of origin

5.1.11. Consignment note

5.2. Terms of trade

5.2.1. Trade discount

5.2.2. Quantity discount

5.2.3. Cash discount

5.2.4. Warranties

5.2.5. C.O.D

5.2.6. C.I.F

5.2.7. F.O.B

5.2.8. E.O.E

5.3. Terms of payments

5.3.1. Cash - Legal tender

5.3.2. Credit

5.3.2.1. Types and functions of credit

5.3.2.2. Merits and demerits of credit

6. Aids-to-trade

6.1. Advertising

6.1.1. Types and media of Advertising

6.1.2. Advantages and disadvantages of Advertising

6.2. Banking

6.2.1. Types of bank

6.2.2. Services of bank

6.2.3. Challenges of bank

6.3. Communication

6.3.1. Process and procedure of communication

6.3.2. Types of communication

6.3.3. Trends of communication

6.3.4. Merits and demerits of communication

6.3.5. Barriers of communication

6.4. Insurance

6.4.1. Types of insurance

6.4.2. Principles of insurance

6.4.3. Terms of insurance

6.4.4. Importance of insurance

6.5. Tourism

6.5.1. Importance of tourism

6.5.2. Agencies that promote tourism in Nigeria

6.5.3. Challenges of tourism

6.6. Transportation

6.6.1. Mode of transportation

6.6.2. Importance of transportation

6.6.3. Advantages and disadvantages of transportation

6.7. Warehousing

6.7.1. Importance of warehousing

6.7.2. Types and functions of warehousing

6.7.3. Factors to be considered in siting a warehouse

7. Business Units

7.1. Forms and features

7.2. Registration of businesses

7.3. Business Mergers

7.4. Determination of choice of business units

7.5. Dissolution and liquidation of business units

7.6. Merits and demerits of business units

8. Financing Business

8.1. Sources of finance

8.1.1. Personal savings

8.1.2. Sale of shares and bonds

8.1.3. Loans

8.1.4. Debentures

8.1.5. Mortgage

8.1.6. Bank overdraft

8.1.7. Ploughing back of profit

8.1.8. Credit purchase

8.1.9. Leasing

8.2. Types of capital

8.2.1. Share capital

8.2.2. Capital owned

8.2.3. Authorized capital

8.2.4. Issued capital

8.2.5. Called-up capital

8.2.6. Paid-up capital

8.2.7. Liquid capital

8.2.8. Working capital

8.2.9. Owners' equity

8.3. Calculation of forms of capital

8.4. Calculation of profits (gross and net)

8.5. Calculation of turnover

8.6. Problems of sourcing finance

8.7. The role of Bureau de change in an economy

9. Trade Associations

9.1. Objectives and functions of trade and manufacturer's associations

9.1.1. Cocoa Farmers' Association

9.1.2. Garri Sellers' Association

9.1.3. Poultry Farmers' Association

9.2. Objectives and functions of Chambers of Commerce

10. Money

10.1. Evolution of money

10.2. Forms and qualities of money

10.3. Functions of money

11. Stock Exchange

11.1. Importance and functions of stock exchange

11.2. Types of securities

11.2.1. Stocks

11.2.2. Shares

11.2.3. Bonds

11.2.4. Debentures

11.3. Procedure of transactions and speculations

11.4. Second-Tier Securities Market

11.4.1. Listing requirements

11.4.2. Types of companies for the market

11.4.3. Advantages and operating regulations of the market

12. Elements of Business Management

12.1. Functions

12.1.1. Planning

12.1.2. Organizing

12.1.3. Staffing

12.1.4. Coordinating

12.1.5. Motivating

12.1.6. Communicating

12.1.7. Controlling

12.2. Principles

12.2.1. Span of control

12.2.2. Unity of command

12.2.3. Delegation of authority

12.3. Organizational structure

12.3.1. Line

12.3.2. Line and staff

12.3.3. Functional

12.3.4. Matrix and committee

12.4. Functional areas of business

12.4.1. Production

12.4.2. Marketing

12.4.3. Finance

12.4.4. Personnel

12.5. Business resources

12.5.1. Man

12.5.2. Money

12.5.3. Materials

12.5.4. Machines

12.5.5. Opportunities/goodwill

13. Elements of Marketing

13.1. Importance and Functions of marketing

13.2. The marketing concept

13.2.1. Consumer orientation

13.2.2. Customer satisfaction

13.2.3. Integrated marketing

13.3. Marketing mix

13.3.1. Product

13.3.2. Price

13.3.3. Place

13.3.4. Promotion

13.4. Market Segmentation

13.5. Public relations and Customer Service

14. Legal Aspects of Business

14.1. Meaning and validity of a simple contract

14.2. Agency, Sale of Goods Act and Hire Purchase Act

14.3. Contract of employment

14.4. Government regulations of business

14.4.1. Registration of business

14.4.2. Patents

14.4.3. Trademarks

14.4.4. Copyrights

14.5. Consumer protection

14.5.1. Government legislation

14.5.2. Standards Organization Trade Descriptions Act

14.5.3. Consumer Protection Council

14.5.4. NAFDAC

14.5.5. NDLEA

14.5.6. Customs and Excise

14.6. Regulatory agencies

15. Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

15.1. Computer

15.1.1. Appreciation and application of computer

15.1.2. Types and functions of computer

15.1.3. Merits and demerits of computer

15.1.4. Challenges of computer

15.2. Terms

15.2.1. Internet

15.2.2. Intranet

15.2.3. Browsing

15.2.4. Password

15.2.5. e-mail

15.2.6. Google

15.2.7. Yahoo

15.2.8. Search

15.2.9. Local Area Network

15.3. Activities

15.3.1. E-commerce

15.3.2. E-banking

15.3.3. E-business

16. Business Environment and Social Responsibility

16.1. Legal, political, economic, social, cultural, technological environments

16.2. Safe products, philanthropic and societal consideration

16.3. Types and implication of pollution

16.3.1. Water

16.3.2. Air

16.3.3. Land