(a) In a tabular form, briefly discuss the following plant nutrients: (i) Potassium; (ii) Phosphorus; (iii) Calcium. Under the following headings: (i) form in which it is absorbed; (ii) three functions; (iii) one deficiency symptom.
(b) Give two examples of nitrogenous fertilizers.
(b) Give two examples of nitrogenous fertilizers.
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Correct Answer: Option n
Explanation:
(a)
(b) Examples of nitrogenous fertilizers are: (i) urea (ii) ammonium sulphate (iii) sodium nitrate (iv) calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
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(a)
| PLANT NUTRIENT | FORM IN WHICH IT IS ABSORBED | FUNCTION | DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS |
| Potassium | Potassium cation/k+ | -associated with enzymatic activities. It contributes in controlling stomata) opening and thus water movement in- Important in metabolism and translocation of carbohydrates.- important in neutralizing plant acids.- It strengthens plant stems and aids the uptake of nitrates | - retarded growth.- premature loss of leaves |
| Phosphorus | - Phosphate anion p0³-ā -Pā0ā | - It is associated with enzymatic actions.- It is also an important constituent of nuclear protein.- It strengthens the plants' skeletal structure.- It confers on plants the ability to ward off diseases.- It is essential for cell division;- essential for root development;- essential for food formation.- It hastens the ripening of fruits. | - plant becomes purple- stunting of plant parts.- poor root and bark development.- flowers, fruits and seeds fail to form. |
| Calcium | Calcium cation/Ca2+ | - It is important in cell wall formation. - It is also essential for growth of roots. - it controls toxicity of Al³āŗ,Mn³āŗ, and Na+. - It is equally important in translo-cation and storage of food into tubers/seeds. - It neutralizes acids in plants and takes part in metabolic activities. | - stunting of roots.- leaves turn yellowsh |
(b) Examples of nitrogenous fertilizers are: (i) urea (ii) ammonium sulphate (iii) sodium nitrate (iv) calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
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