Explanation:
(a) of factors that affect feed formulation for farm animals

(i) Age of animal

It determines the nutrient level of feed to be formulated
It also determines the size of the particles of the feed
It determines the type/form of the feed

(ii) Physiological state of animal

It has to do with the health status of animal i.e. whether it is sick or well
Also relates whether the animal is pregnant, dry or lactating, laying, growing
Determine the type of feed to be fed to an animal


(iii) Purpose of keeping the animal
Feed formulated depends on the type of product/objective/output expected from the animal e.g. meat, egg, wool, draught/power/work

(b) Precautions to be taken to ensure the preparation of good quality feed for
layers

Obtain good quality ingredients
Ensure correct formulation of feed using appropriate ratio(e.g. energy/protein ratio, minerals, vitamins)
Mill to right particle size
Ensure thorough mixing of feed
Pack in a suitable container
Store in an appropriate place
Ensure hygienic conditions in the mixing parlour(mill)/hygienic environment