Explanation:
a.(i). Citizenship can be acquired by birth i.e, born by parents who are citizens of the country/state.
(ii). Citizenship can be acquired by naturalization; a citizen of another country can apply for citizenship of another country , where he/she resides.
(iii). Citizenship by registration i.e, through marriage.
(iv). Citizenship by descent or when grandparents claimed to have migrated from somewhere.
(v). Adoption through legal process.
(vi). Honorary / conferment by the state.
(vii). Conquest through wars and subjugations.
(viii). Foundling; this citizenship involves rescueing of children on the streets.

b.(i) The alien must have good character or of good reputation.
(ii). The alien must have married a citizen for not less than a period of 5 years.
(iii). he/she must have lived in the country for a very long period of time which may range from 15-20 years.
(iv). The alien must have renounced his/her former nationality.
(v). The applicant for citizenship must take the oath of allegiance
(vi). He/she must be of a matured age i.e. eighteen (18) years.
(vii). The alien must be capable of contributing meaningfully to the advancement and progress of the country.
(viii). He/she must be acceptable to the locality where he/she is residing.