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Biology Past Questions and Answers
Topic: Pollution: Sanitation and sewage
Classroom
Jamb
Exam year:
Exam year
1978
1979
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2018
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2023
Question type:
Question type
Objective
Theory
Topics:
Topics
[1] VARIETY OF ORGANISMS
[1].1 Living organisms
[1].1.1 Characteristics of Living organisms
[1].1.2 Cell structure and functions of cell Components
[1].1.3 Level of organization
[1].1.3.1 Cell
[1].1.3.2 Tissue
[1].1.3.3 Organ
[1].1.3.4 Systems
[1].1.3.5 Organisms
[1].2 Evolution among the following
[1].2.1 Monera
[1].2.2 Protista
[1].2.3 Fungi
[1].2.4 Plantae
[1].2.4.1 Thallophyta
[1].2.4.2 Bryophyta
[1].2.4.3 Pteridophyta
[1].2.4.4 Spermatophyta
[1].2.4.4.1 Gymnosperms
[1].2.4.4.2 Angiosperms
[1].2.5 Animalia
[1].2.5.1 Invertebrates
[1].2.5.1.1 Coelenterate
[1].2.5.1.2 Platyhelminthes flatworms
[1].2.5.1.3 Nematoda
[1].2.5.1.4 Annelida
[1].2.5.1.5 Arthropoda
[1].2.5.1.6 Mollusca
[1].2.5.2 Multicellular animals
[1].2.5.2.1 Pisces
[1].2.5.2.2 Amphibia
[1].2.5.2.3 Reptilia
[1].2.5.2.4 Aves
[1].2.5.2.5 Mammalia
[1].3 Variety of Organisms
[1].3.1 Structural/functional and behavioural adaptations of organisms
[1].3.1.1 Adaptive colouration and its functions
[1].3.1.2 Behavioural adaptations in social animals
[1].3.1.3 Structural adaptations in organisms
[2] FORM AND FUNCTIONS
[2].1 Internal structure of a flowering plant
[2].1.1 Root
[2].1.2 Stem
[2].1.3 Leaf
[2].2 Internal structure of a mammal
[2].3 Nutrition
[2].3.1 Modes of nutrition
[2].3.1.1 Autotrophic
[2].3.1.2 Heterotrophic
[2].3.2 Types of Nutrition
[2].3.3 Plant nutrition
[2].3.3.1 Photosynthesis
[2].3.3.2 Mineral requirements
[2].3.3.3 Chemosynthesis
[2].3.4 Animal nutrition
[2].3.4.1 Classes of food substances
[2].3.4.2 Food tests
[2].3.4.3 The mammalian tooth
[2].3.4.4 Mammalian alimentary canal
[2].3.4.5 Nutrition process
[2].4 Transport
[2].4.1 Need for transportation
[2].4.2 Materials for transportation
[2].4.3 Channels for transportation
[2].4.3.1 Mammalian circulatory system
[2].4.3.2 Plant vascular system
[2].4.4 Media and processes of mechanism for transportation
[2].5 Respiration
[2].5.1 Respiratory organs and surfaces
[2].5.2 The mechanism of gaseous exchange in plants
[2].5.3 The mechanism of gaseous exchange in mammals
[2].5.4 Aerobic respiration
[2].5.5 Anaerobic respiration
[2].6 Excretion
[2].6.1 Types of excretory structures
[2].6.1.1 Contractile vacuole
[2].6.1.2 Flame cell
[2].6.1.3 Nephridium
[2].6.1.4 Malpighian tubule
[2].6.1.5 Kidney
[2].6.1.6 Stoma and lenticel
[2].6.2 Excretory mechanisms
[2].6.2.1 Kidneys
[2].6.2.2 Lungs
[2].6.2.3 Skin
[2].6.3 Excretory products of plants
[2].7 Support and movement
[2].7.1 Tropic, tactic, nastic, and sleep movements in plants
[2].7.2 Supporting tissues in animals
[2].7.3 Types and functions of the skeleton
[2].7.3.1 Exoskeleton
[2].7.3.2 Endoskeleton
[2].7.3.3 Functions of the skeleton in animals
[2].8 Reproduction
[2].8.1 Asexual reproduction
[2].8.1.1 Fission as in Paramecium
[2].8.1.2 Budding as in yeast
[2].8.1.3 Natural vegetative propagation
[2].8.1.4 Artificial vegetative propagation
[2].8.2 Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
[2].8.2.1 Floral parts and their functions
[2].8.2.2 Pollination and fertilization
[2].8.2.3 Products of sexual reproduction
[2].8.3 Reproduction in mammals
[2].8.3.1 Structures and functions of the male reproductive organs
[2].8.3.2 Structures and functions of the female reproductive organs
[2].8.3.3 Fertilization and development
[2].9 Growth
[2].9.1 Meaning of growth
[2].9.2 Germination of seeds and condition necessary for germination of seeds
[2].10 Co-ordination and control
[2].10.1 Nervous co-ordination
[2].10.1.1 The components, structure, and functions of the central nervous system
[2].10.1.2 The components and functions of the peripheral nervous systems
[2].10.1.3 Mechanism of transmission of impulses
[2].10.1.4 Reflex action
[2].10.2 The sense organs
[2].10.2.1 skin (tactile)
[2].10.2.2 Nose (olfactory)
[2].10.2.3 Tongue (taste)
[2].10.2.4 Eye (sight)
[2].10.2.5 Ear (auditory)
[2].10.3 Hormonal control
[2].10.3.1 Animal hormonal system
[2].10.3.1.1 Pituitary
[2].10.3.1.2 Thyroid
[2].10.3.1.3 Parathyroid
[2].10.3.1.4 Adrenal gland
[2].10.3.1.5 Pancreas
[2].10.3.1.6 Gonads
[2].10.3.2 Plant hormones (phytohormones)
[2].10.4 Homeostasis
[2].10.4.1 Body temperature regulation
[2].10.4.2 Salt and water regulation
[3] ECOLOGY
[3].1 Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms
[3].1.1 Abiotic
[3].1.2 Biotic
[3].2 Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
[3].2.1 Energy flow in the ecosystem
[3].2.1.1 Food chains
[3].2.1.2 Food webs
[3].2.1.3 Trophic levels
[3].2.2 Nutrient cycling in nature
[3].2.2.1 Carbon cycle
[3].2.2.2 Water cycle
[3].2.2.3 Nitrogen cycle
[3].3 Natural Habitats
[3].3.1 Aquatic
[3].3.2 Terrestrial/arboreal
[3].4 Local (Nigerian) Biomes
[3].4.1 Tropical rainforest
[3].4.2 Guinea savanna
[3].4.3 Sudan Savanna
[3].4.4 Desert
[3].4.5 Highlands of montane forests and grasslands of the Obudu, Jos, Mambilla Plateau
[3].5 The Ecology of Populations
[3].5.1 Population density and overcrowding
[3].5.2 Adaptation for survival
[3].5.2.1 Factors that bring about competition
[3].5.2.2 Intra and inter-specific competition
[3].5.2.3 Relationship between competition and succession
[3].5.3 Factors affecting population sizes
[3].5.3.1 Biotic
[3].5.3.2 Abiotic
[3].5.4 Ecological succession
[3].5.4.1 Primary succession
[3].5.4.2 Secondary succession
[3].6 Soil
[3].6.1 Characteristics of different types of soil
[3].6.1.1 Soil structure
[3].6.1.2 Porosity, capillarity and humus content
[3].6.2 Components of the soil
[3].6.2.1 Inorganic
[3].6.2.2 Organic
[3].6.2.3 Soil organisms
[3].6.2.4 Soil air
[3].6.2.5 Soil water
[3].6.3 Soil fertility
[3].6.3.1 Loss of soil fertility
[3].6.3.2 Renewal and maintenance of soil fertility
[3].7 Humans and Environment
[3].7.1 Diseases
[3].7.1.1 Common and endemic diseases
[3].7.1.2 Easily transmissible diseases and disease syndrome
[3].7.1.2.1 Poliomyelitis
[3].7.1.2.2 Cholera
[3].7.1.2.3 Tuberculosis
[3].7.1.2.4 Sexually transmitted disease/syndrome
[3].7.2 Pollution and its control
[3].7.2.1 Pollution: sources, types, effects and methods of control
[3].7.2.2 Pollution: Sanitation and sewage
[3].7.3 Conservation of Natural Resources
[3].7.4 Game reserves and National parks
[4] HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS
[4].1 Variation In Population
[4].1.1 Morphological variations in the physical appearance of individuals
[4].1.1.1 size
[4].1.1.2 Colour
[4].1.1.3 Fingerprints
[4].1.2 Physiological variation
[4].1.2.1 Ability to roll tongue
[4].1.2.2 Ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide
[4].1.2.3 Blood groups
[4].1.3 Application of discontinuous variation in crime detection
[4].1.4 Application of discontinuous variation in blood transfusion
[4].1.5 Application of discontinuous variation in determination of paternity
[4].2 Heredity
[4].2.1 Inheritance of characters in organisms
[4].2.1.1 Heritable and non-heritable characters
[4].2.2 Chromosomes - the basis of heredity
[4].2.2.1 Structure
[4].2.2.2 Process of transmission of hereditary characters from parents to offspring
[4].2.3 Probability in genetics and sex determination
[4].2.4 Application of the principles of heredity in:
[4].2.4.1 Agriculture
[4].2.4.2 Medicine
[4].2.5 Sex-linked characters
[5] EVOLUTION
[5].1 Theories of evolution
[5].1.1 Lamarck's theory
[5].1.2 Darwin's theory
[5].1.3 Organic theory
[5].2 Evidence of evolution
Jamb Biology Questions - Pollution: Sanitation and sewage
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