Explanation:
(a) of Transportation: Transportation is the movement of goods and people from one location to another. It may also be seen as a system for moving goods or passengers from one place to another.
(b) Factors Affecting the Choice of Transportation Mode:

Cost: The cost of transportation is important In choosing a particular mode
Distance: The distance to be covered is another consideration in choosing a mode of transportation. Air transportation is preferable for long distance journeys.
Flexibility: The flexibility of a mode of transportation is also important in choosing the transportation mode. Road transportation is more flexible than other modes of transportation.
Bulkiness: The bulkiness of the goods being transported is another factor in choosing a mode of transportation.
Nature of the goods: The perishable nature of goods is considered in choosing a mode of transportation.
Urgency/time: The immediacy attached to the delivery of goods will determine the transportation mode to be chosen.
Preference of the owner: The personal preference of the owner of the goods is an important consideration in choosing a mode of transportation.
Safety and security: The safety and security of goods being transported is an important factor in choosing a mode of transportation.
Availability: One must consider the mode of transportation that is available in the area where the goods are being sent.
Weather Conditions: The weather condition in a particular area and at a particular time will influence the choice of transportation mode.
Traffic condition: Traffic Situation in an area and at a particular time could encourage or discourage the use of a particular mode of transportation.