Which processes are involved in nutrient cycling in a functioning ecosystem?
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Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Nitrogen fixation: This process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into a usable form, such as ammonium (NH4+), by nitrogen-fixing bacteria or through lightning. This makes nitrogen available for plants and other organisms.
Denitrification: Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) back into atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2), completing the nitrogen cycle. Denitrification occurs under anaerobic conditions, such as in waterlogged soils or sediments.
Ammonification: Ammonification is the process by which decomposers, like bacteria and fungi, break down organic nitrogen compounds from dead organisms and waste products into ammonium (NH4+). This ammonium can then be used by plants and other organisms.
Nitrogen fixation: This process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into a usable form, such as ammonium (NH4+), by nitrogen-fixing bacteria or through lightning. This makes nitrogen available for plants and other organisms.
Denitrification: Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) back into atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2), completing the nitrogen cycle. Denitrification occurs under anaerobic conditions, such as in waterlogged soils or sediments.
Ammonification: Ammonification is the process by which decomposers, like bacteria and fungi, break down organic nitrogen compounds from dead organisms and waste products into ammonium (NH4+). This ammonium can then be used by plants and other organisms.