Exam year: Exam year 1994 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Question type: Question type Objective Theory
Topics: Topics [1] Commerce [1].1 Meaning and scope of commerce [1].2 Characteristics of commerce [1].3 Functions of commerce [2] Occupation [2].1 Meaning and importance of occupation [2].2 Types of occupation [2].2.1 Industrial [2].2.2 Commercial [2].2.3 Services [2].3 Factors that determine choice of occupation [3] Production [3].1 Factors, characteristics, and rewards of production [3].1.1 Land [3].1.2 Labour [3].1.3 Capital [3].1.4 Entrepreneur [3].2 Division of Labour and specialization [3].3 Types of production [3].3.1 Primary production [3].3.2 Secondary production [3].3.3 Tertiary production [4] Trade [4].1 Home Trade [4].1.1 Retail trade [4].1.1.1 Types of retailers [4].1.1.2 Functions of retailers [4].1.1.3 Factors to be considered in setting up retail trade [4].1.1.4 Trends in retailing (branding, self service, vending machines, the use of luncheon, fuel vouchers, etc) [4].1.1.5 Advantages and disadvantages of retailers [4].1.2 Wholesale trade [4].1.2.1 Types of wholesalers [4].1.2.2 Functions of wholesalers [4].1.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages of wholesalers [4].2 Foreign trade [4].2.1 Basic issues in foreign trade - balance of trade [4].2.2 Basic issues in foreign trade - balance of payments [4].2.3 Basic issues in foreign trade - counter trade [4].2.4 Procedures and documents used in export, import, and entreport trade [4].2.5 Barriers to international trade [4].2.6 Role of Customs and Excise Authority, Ports Authority in foreign trade [5] Purchase and Sale of Goods [5].1 Procedure and documentation [5].1.1 Enquiry [5].1.2 Quotation [5].1.3 Order [5].1.4 Invoice [5].1.5 Proforma invoice [5].1.6 Statement of accounts [5].1.7 Indent [5].1.8 Consular invoice [5].1.9 Bill of lading [5].1.10 Certificate of origin [5].1.11 Consignment note [5].2 Terms of trade [5].2.1 Trade discount [5].2.2 Quantity discount [5].2.3 Cash discount [5].2.4 Warranties [5].2.5 C.O.D [5].2.6 C.I.F [5].2.7 F.O.B [5].2.8 E.O.E [5].3 Terms of payments [5].3.1 Cash - Legal tender [5].3.2 Credit [5].3.2.1 Types and functions of credit [5].3.2.2 Merits and demerits of credit [6] Aids-to-trade [6].1 Advertising [6].1.1 Types and media of Advertising [6].1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of Advertising [6].2 Banking [6].2.1 Types of bank [6].2.2 Services of bank [6].2.3 Challenges of bank [6].3 Communication [6].3.1 Process and procedure of communication [6].3.2 Types of communication [6].3.3 Trends of communication [6].3.4 Merits and demerits of communication [6].3.5 Barriers of communication [6].4 Insurance [6].4.1 Types of insurance [6].4.2 Principles of insurance [6].4.3 Terms of insurance [6].4.4 Importance of insurance [6].5 Tourism [6].5.1 Importance of tourism [6].5.2 Agencies that promote tourism in Nigeria [6].5.3 Challenges of tourism [6].6 Transportation [6].6.1 Mode of transportation [6].6.2 Importance of transportation [6].6.3 Advantages and disadvantages of transportation [6].7 Warehousing [6].7.1 Importance of warehousing [6].7.2 Types and functions of warehousing [6].7.3 Factors to be considered in siting a warehouse [7] Business Units [7].1 Forms and features [7].2 Registration of businesses [7].3 Business Mergers [7].4 Determination of choice of business units [7].5 Dissolution and liquidation of business units [7].6 Merits and demerits of business units [8] Financing Business [8].1 Sources of finance [8].1.1 Personal savings [8].1.2 Sale of shares and bonds [8].1.3 Loans [8].1.4 Debentures [8].1.5 Mortgage [8].1.6 Bank overdraft [8].1.7 Ploughing back of profit [8].1.8 Credit purchase [8].1.9 Leasing [8].2 Types of capital [8].2.1 Share capital [8].2.2 Capital owned [8].2.3 Authorized capital [8].2.4 Issued capital [8].2.5 Called-up capital [8].2.6 Paid-up capital [8].2.7 Liquid capital [8].2.8 Working capital [8].2.9 Owners' equity [8].3 Calculation of forms of capital [8].4 Calculation of profits (gross and net) [8].5 Calculation of turnover [8].6 Problems of sourcing finance [8].7 The role of Bureau de change in an economy [9] Trade Associations [9].1 Objectives and functions of trade and manufacturer's associations [9].1.1 Cocoa Farmers' Association [9].1.2 Garri Sellers' Association [9].1.3 Poultry Farmers' Association [9].2 Objectives and functions of Chambers of Commerce [10] Money [10].1 Evolution of money [10].2 Forms and qualities of money [10].3 Functions of money [11] Stock Exchange [11].1 Importance and functions of stock exchange [11].2 Types of securities [11].2.1 Stocks [11].2.2 Shares [11].2.3 Bonds [11].2.4 Debentures [11].3 Procedure of transactions and speculations [11].4 Second-Tier Securities Market [11].4.1 Listing requirements [11].4.2 Types of companies for the market [11].4.3 Advantages and operating regulations of the market [12] Elements of Business Management [12].1 Functions [12].1.1 Planning [12].1.2 Organizing [12].1.3 Staffing [12].1.4 Coordinating [12].1.5 Motivating [12].1.6 Communicating [12].1.7 Controlling [12].2 Principles [12].2.1 Span of control [12].2.2 Unity of command [12].2.3 Delegation of authority [12].3 Organizational structure [12].3.1 Line [12].3.2 Line and staff [12].3.3 Functional [12].3.4 Matrix and committee [12].4 Functional areas of business [12].4.1 Production [12].4.2 Marketing [12].4.3 Finance [12].4.4 Personnel [12].5 Business resources [12].5.1 Man [12].5.2 Money [12].5.3 Materials [12].5.4 Machines [12].5.5 Opportunities/goodwill [13] Elements of Marketing [13].1 Importance and Functions of marketing [13].2 The marketing concept [13].2.1 Consumer orientation [13].2.2 Customer satisfaction [13].2.3 Integrated marketing [13].3 Marketing mix [13].3.1 Product [13].3.2 Price [13].3.3 Place [13].3.4 Promotion [13].4 Market Segmentation [13].5 Public relations and Customer Service [14] Legal Aspects of Business [14].1 Meaning and validity of a simple contract [14].2 Agency, Sale of Goods Act and Hire Purchase Act [14].3 Contract of employment [14].4 Government regulations of business [14].4.1 Registration of business [14].4.2 Patents [14].4.3 Trademarks [14].4.4 Copyrights [14].5 Consumer protection [14].5.1 Government legislation [14].5.2 Standards Organization Trade Descriptions Act [14].5.3 Consumer Protection Council [14].5.4 NAFDAC [14].5.5 NDLEA [14].5.6 Customs and Excise [14].6 Regulatory agencies [15] Information and Communication Technology (ICT) [15].1 Computer [15].1.1 Appreciation and application of computer [15].1.2 Types and functions of computer [15].1.3 Merits and demerits of computer [15].1.4 Challenges of computer [15].2 Terms [15].2.1 Internet [15].2.2 Intranet [15].2.3 Browsing [15].2.4 Password [15].2.5 e-mail [15].2.6 Google [15].2.7 Yahoo [15].2.8 Search [15].2.9 Local Area Network [15].3 Activities [15].3.1 E-commerce [15].3.2 E-banking [15].3.3 E-business [16] Business Environment and Social Responsibility [16].1 Legal, political, economic, social, cultural, technological environments [16].2 Safe products, philanthropic and societal consideration [16].3 Types and implication of pollution [16].3.1 Water [16].3.2 Air [16].3.3 Land