Chemistry Past Questions and Answers

Give one oxide in each case which;
(a) can act as a reducing agent
(b) can be used as a refrigerant
(c) is the anhydride of a strong acid;
(d) is yellow when hot and white then hot and white when cold;
(f) is usad as a pigment in paints.

Sketch a curve to show how the solubility of a gas varies with increasing temperature

The set-up shown in the diagram below was used to separate a drop of universal indicator into the constituent dyes using ethyl ethanoate as the solvent.

(a) What name is given to the separate strated in the diagram?
(b) State: (i) how many components are resolved in the separation;
(ii) the material normally used in laborary as the adsorbent medium;
(iii) which of the labels the point of application of the indicator.

(a)(i) Give two uses of chlorine.
(ii) State the action of chlorine on moist blue litmus paper
(b) Draw a labelled diagram for the laboratory preparation of a dry sample of chlorine
(c) State the type of reaction involved between chlorine and (i) aqueous iron (II) chloride;
(ii) propane. Write an equation for each reaction and name the product formed in (c)(ii).
(d) Consider the reactions the following equations: Cl\(_{2(g)}\) + 2Br\(^-_{(aq)}\) \(\to\) 2Cl\(^-_{(aq)}\) + Br\(_{2(g)}\)
F\(_{2(g)}\) + 2Cl\(^-_{(aq)}\) ---> 2F\(^-_{(aq)}\) + Cl\(_{2(g)}\)
From the equations, arrange bromine, chlorine and fluorine in increasing order of oxidizing ability. Give the reason for your answer.

(a) Name one gaseous hydrocarbon which is
(i) used for welding.
(ii) a major raw material for the plastic industry.
(b) Write the structural formula of the hydrocarbon in (a)(i) above. Name the process by which it can be converted to neoprene rubber.
(c) Potatoes contain a high proportion of carbohydrate.
(i) Give the main product formed when potatoes are dehydrated completely
(ii) Describe how you would convert potatoes to ethanol. State the reactions involved the process and write equation for the final stage of the conversion.
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus you would use to obtain a sample of fairly pure ethanol from the product formed in (c)(ii) above. What is the name given to the technique?